After mating, the female flea layseveral hundred eggs in batches after each blood meal in the cat fur, bedding, resting siteand in areas where the cat is to be found. The eggs are small (0.5mm) white and oval shape.

From the egg emerges the larval stage which is again white, legless but covered in large bristles, the larvae are not blood suckers but feed on general organic debrit which is to be found in the lair of the cat. When mature, the flea larva is about 5mm long and it spins a cocoon of silk which very quickly get covered in a large amount of dust and debrit.

The pupa develops with in the silken cocoon and when triggered by suitable stimuli such as vibration the adult emerges to feed on the cat.

The ootheca is carried by the female until it is within 1-2 days of hatching. Small 1st instar nymphs emerge from the ootheca and easily infest tiny cracks and crevices in the immediate area. All the nymphal stages and the adults feed o the same type of food, making the establishment of infestation extremely easy. German cockroaches are found throughout buildings but show a preference for warm humid areas. Adult size: 13-16mm Number of moults: 5-7 Development time: (egg to adult) 1-3 months Length of adult stage: 3-6 months No of oothecae produced: average 5 In female lifetime: Range 4-8 No of eggs produced: average 30-40 Per ootheca: Range 18-50 They are good climbers, being able to climb vertical glass or tiled surfaces. An infestation of these cockroaches can be quickly established once they have entered any premises. This species is an extremely serious pest in many different types of premises ranging from hospitals to domestic houses.

Yellow Jackets, Wasps • Wasps are colonial insects living in social groups. • Overwintering queen makes a small starter nest from paper made by mixing wood and saliva and establishes each colony in the spring. • The colony grows throughout the summer and nest with it.#many thousands of individuals are associated with each nest, with the workers feeding on nectar, sweet materials and, at certain times , insect larvae and other animal pieces. • The colony develops males towards the end of the summer to mate with presumptive queens, which, when mated, overwinter to start a new colony the following year. • Wasps can cause alarm when present in large numbers and where the nest is in place where insects can interfere with humans. • They can inflict painful, dangerous stings, especially to those people with allergies. • When the sting is inside the throat, the effect can be fatal.

The grey squirrel can be a serious pest when they enter attic areas for breeding, They have two breeding seasons a year with litter sizes ranging from 1 to 7 but a average of 3, The young are weaned at 8-10 weeks of age and are sexually mature at 12 months of age.